学进去

假如你是校学生会主席李华，你们学校决定于本周日邀请多名消防员给全体学生做防火知识宣传讲座，请你代替学生会写一个通知，内容包括：
1.讲座内容及目的：火灾的危险；防止火灾的建议……；
2.讲座具体时间及地点：本周日下午两点到四点，学校报告厅；
3.讲座要求（全体学生务必参加，自带纸笔记录等）。
注意: 1.词数80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯

This is a notice from the Student Union to inform you about the upcoming lecture on fire prevention.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

We are looking forward to your punctual participation.

The Student Union

假如你是李华，下周你们学校将举行英语角活动，请将活动方案发给张老师，并请老师批准。
内容提示：1.活动安排；2.活动的意义；3.请老师批准。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

It must be the reason _____ Mike refused to say more about it for at the meeting______ aroused the suspicion of the detective.

A．which…that

B．why…that

C．which…which

D．that…which

_____, there seemed little hope that the adventurer would find his way through the vast rainforest.

A．Confused by the map

B．As he had been confused by the map

C．Having been confused by the map

D．He had been confused by the map

阅读下列短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。

His father said, “All set, boy?” and Johnson nodded, picking up his gun with awkward gloved bands. His father pushed open the door and they went out into the freezing dawn together. Ordinarily Johnson would take out his camera to record the scenery, but not this morning. This was the morning, particularly sacred, when 14-year-old Johnson would go duck hunting for the first time.

However, he hated it, and had bated the whole idea since his father bought him a gun. But he was determined to go through with it. He loved his father, and wanted his approval more than anything in the world

They came to a narrow and hidden place facing the bay. Johnson sat down nervously and waited. To reduce fear be took 8 picture of his father against the clean water. Then be put the camera hurriedly on the grass and picked up his gun.

Johnson got his gun ready. “I'll let you shoot first,” his father said, loading his own gun. “You know, I've been waiting for a long time for this day. Just the two of us...” He broke off, bending forward, eyes narrowed. “There's a small flight heading this way now. Keep your head down. I'll give you the word.”

The sun came out. Johnson could see everything clearly: his father's face, tense and eager, the white frost on the gun. His heart was beating wildly. He prayed, “Don't let them come, please!”

But they kept coming. “Four black,” his father said. “One mallard (绿头鸭).” High above, Johnson heard the pulsing whistle of wings as the fight began to circle. The mallard was leading, his feet dropping down, reaching for the silver-colored water. Closer, clos... “Get set,” his father whispered,

“Now!” cried Johnson's father. “Take them!”

Johnson felt his body obey. He stood up, holding the gun. In the same instant, the wild ducks saw the gunners and flew. “Shoot!” said something sharply in Johnson's brain. But up went the mallard higher still, until suddenly it caught the full force of the wind and flew away, out of range.

注意：
1. 所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2. 至少使用5个以上短文中标有下划线的关键词语；
3. 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；
4. 续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。

His father asked in a controlled voice, “Why didn't you shoot?”

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

To Johnson's surprise, his father was handing the camera to him.

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

你校英文报增加了一个专栏：The Power of Idols。在成长的道路上，每个人都有自己的偶像，请以“My Idol”为题。写一篇文章投稿。内容包括：
1.你的偶像及其简介；
2.偶像对你的影响。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

My Idol

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

假定你是李华，下周你校将举办中国文化体验活动，届时将有丰富多彩的活动，如书画展、京剧表演、学习剪纸等。你想邀请英国交换生Jane一起参加。请给他写封邮件，内容包括：
1. 活动时间、地点；
2. 活动内容。
注意：1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

As the man came near, ________.（根据句意填空）

If We Are Not Just Animals, What Are We?

Philosophers and theologians (神学家) in the Christian tradition have long regarded human beings as separate from the other animals by the presence of the divine spark (神圣的火花) that is believed to exist within them. This inner source of illumination, the soul, is something that can never be grasped from without, and, as such, must be something that is detached in some fundamental manner from the natural order of things such that the soul continues to exist even after the death of the body, perhaps taking wing for some supernatural place following its demise (死亡).

Recent advances in genetics, neuroscience and evolutionary psychology have all but killed off this idea.1．For quite clearly, although we are animals, bound in the web of causality (因果关系) that joins us to the zoosphere, we are not just animals.

This fundamental question is as relevant to the philosophical inquiry of today as it had been for the ancient Greeks. In a thousand different ways, we have drawn and continue to draw distinctions between ourselves and the rest of nature.2．We believe that people have rights, that they have sovereignty (完全独立的) over their own lives, and that those who live by enslaving (使成为奴隶) or abusing others are denying their own humanity.

Evolutionary psychologists tell another story. Morality, they argue, is an adaptation. If organisms (生物体) compete for resources, a strategy of cooperation will be more successful in the long run than a strategy of pure selfishness. Cooperative features of an organism will therefore be selected over time. And all that is special in the human condition can be understood in this way — as the outcome of a long process of adaptation that has given us the unbeatable advantage of morality, whereby we can resolve our conflicts without fighting and adjust to the demands that upset us from every side.

The astonishing moral equipment of the human being — including rights and duties, personal obligations, justice, resentment (憎恨), judgment, forgiveness — is the deposit (沉积物) left by millenniums of conflict.3．It is an evolved mechanism whereby the human organism proceeds through life sustained on every side by bonds of mutual interest.

I am fairly confident that the picture painted by the evolutionary psychologists is true, but I am also convinced that this is not the whole truth.4．We human beings do not see one another as animals see one another, as fellow members of a species. We relate to one another not as objects but as subjects, as creatures who address one another “I” to “you.”

By speaking in the first person, we can make statements about ourselves, answer questions, and engage in reasoning and advice in ways that avoid all the normal methods of discovery. As a result, we can participate in dialogues founded on the assurance that, when you and I both speak sincerely, what we say is trustworthy: We are “speaking our minds.” This is the heart of the I-You encounter. Hence as persons we live in a life-world that is not reducible (可简化的) to the world of nature, any more than the life in a painting is reducible to the lines and colors from which it is composed.

A．We have built up our lives according to the ways in which we have sought to distinguish ourselves from the natural world.

B．It does not take into account what is precisely the most important thing — the individual human subject.

C．Almost all people believe that it is a crime to kill an innocent human, but not to kill an innocent tapeworm.

D．However, they have simultaneously raised the question of what exactly should be put in its place.

E．Philosophy has the task of describing the world in which we live — not the world as science describes it, but the world as it is represented in our mutual dealings.

F．Morality is like a field of flowers, beneath which lie the thousand-layer deep pile of the countless bodies of prior conflicts.

Group-Centered Societies Have Just as Much Creativity

What does culture have to do with creativity? The answer could be “a lot”. For decades, psychologists trying to understand the roots of creative imaginations have looked at the ways in which two different types of cultures can come to have an effect over its artistic and________output. Individualistic cultures encourage people to be unique and to________their own interests even if doing so comes at a cost to the group overall. Collectivistic cultures are based on relationships and duties to other people. These types of cultures often________the individual’s wants for the needs of those who are close to them or for those in their community.

Individualism has long been thought to have a creative________. Individualists________social convention, the logic goes, and that pushback supports innovation. For instance, around the world, individualistic cultures have more patents than collectivistic cultures do.________, a new study suggests that these ideas about culture and creativity could be off base. People in collectivistic cultures actually do better with a particular type of creative thinking than those in individualistic cultures. And the findings overall reveal the shortcomings of thinking about innovation too________.

The new work comes from comparing communities in different parts of China. Though it scores high, as a nation, on measures of cultural________, China’s 1.4 billion people are more than just a single culture. People from areas north of the Yangtze River tend to be more________, open to strangers and self-confident, whereas people along the river and farther south are often more inter-dependent, partial to friends over strangers and likely to try harder to________.

In the new creativity study, researchers investigated innovation with these two groups in mind. The team used a drawing test that had been created by psychologists. They gave kids a sheet of paper with just a few basic elements printed on it: some dots here, squiggles (弯曲的线条) there, and a rectangle that suggested a drawing frame. The children got 15 minutes to use the elements already on the page to draw whatever they wanted. They could get “adaptive creativity” points for doodling in ways that connected the squiggles and lines into an original and________image. In addition, a judge checked whether the children chose to incorporate a small shape that could be found just outside the rectangular. This element was easy to________, so those who included this outside-the-box detail could get points for “boundary-breaking creativity.”

The researchers gave the test to 683 middle school students from north and south of the Yangtze River. When the scientists got the scores back, they discovered that there were no differences in the children’s overall creativity. When they broke down the results into components, they found that students from collectivistic regions scored________in adaptive creativity while those from individualistic areas did better in boundary-breaking creativity.

The findings are also a warning against cultural chauvinism (极端民族主义). Western countries have tended to lead the way in innovation—at least as defined by the metrics (指标) we Westerners have created. Perhaps we have been________China’s adaptive creativity. For example, while the country may not have invented the assembly line, it is largely thanks to the________its people have made to this system that the country has such a thriving manufacturing sector today.

1．

A．theoretical

B．inventive

C．productive

D．regular

2．

A．prioritize

B．deprive

C．tolerate

D．abandon

3．

A．satisfy

B．stimulate

C．cherish

D．sacrifice

4．

A．shelter

B．edge

C．border

D．alternative

5．

A．embrace

B．propose

C．resist

D．create

6．

A．However

B．Therefore

C．Meanwhile

D．Moreover

7．

A．broadly

B．objectively

C．seriously

D．narrowly

8．

A．individualism

B．identity

C．collectivism

D．flexibility

9．

A．selfish

B．collective

C．individualistic

D．realistic

10．

A．fall apart

B．fit in

C．give in

D．show off

11．

A．separate

B．ugly

C．unified

D．tiny

12．

A．catch

B．miss

C．target

D．misuse

13．

A．higher

B．averagely

C．lower

D．vaguely

14．

A．capturing

B．approaching

C．imitating

D．overlooking

15．

A．improvements

B．drawbacks

C．insights

D．attempts