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Please stop ruining children’s summer camp

Teslie Conrad is the director of Clemson Outdoor Lab in South Carolina, which runs several different youth summer camps. Clemson _______ cell phones and other electronic devices in summer camps. And according to the American Camp Association, most sleep-away camps in the United States _______ access to cell phones.

This makes sense. We traditionally think of summer camps as a place where we get to swim in a lake, camp under the stars and make new _______ over campfires and outdoor adventures, not one where we text and play video games.

Researchers say that campers develop invaluable social skills, while facing risks and working their way through their feelings of homesickness — all _______. “It’s kind of like letting go of everything and coming to a different world,” says Alexa Sherman, an 11-year-old camper. Many of the campers there say they _______ YouTube and Snapchat, but they quickly come to appreciate the hands-on activities and in-person friendships.

The people who have the _______ time letting go, camp directors say, aren’t necessarily the campers themselves, but instead their parents.

Barry Garst studies youth development at Clemson University. He said that whether you call them “helicopter”, “snowmobile” or “lawnmower” parents, over-involved parenting is having a negative overall effect and is _______ the types of positive interpersonal experiences these camps are meant to provide for youth. Not weather, not water safety, not dangerous bears. It’s parents who call every day demanding _______ on their kids and who expect to hear from the camp director about every skinned knee.

Meg Barthel, the lead girls’ counselor at camp Echo, carries a device with access to Wi-Fi around camp. “I have to _______ the mothers who are used to having constant communication with their daughters,” she says. How many ________ a day? “Up to 100.”

Some camps address parents’ ________ for updates by posting pictures and videos online. But sometimes this can have the ________ effect. In response, they’ll often receive the following phone call: “Hello, camp director, I was on your ________ and I don’t see them. Are they OK? Were they sent to the hospital?”

Research on over-parenting, says Garst, shows that when parents behave this way, the development of a child’s sense of ________ can be slowed or can become altogether halted. The parents are sending the message that they don’t think their kids can get through tough moments on their own, and the kids pick up on this attitude. “Children are not really learning how to ________ for themselves.”

1．

A．bans

B．produces

C．searches

D．provides

2．

A．want

B．limit

C．enable

D．improve

3．

A．friends

B．decisions

C．investments

D．mistakes

4．

A．on purpose

B．in agreement

C．by themselves

D．with excitement

5．

A．use

B．uninstall

C．forget

D．miss

6．

A．first

B．hardest

C．shortest

D．greatest

7．

A．finding

B．attending

C．ruining

D．setting up

8．

A．comments

B．reports

C．studies

D．focus

9．

A．respond to

B．chat with

C．seek out

D．argue against

10．

A．problems

B．parents

C．messages

D．lessons

11．

A．plan

B．wait

C．pause

D．thirst

12．

A．magical

B．opposite

C．protective

D．similar

13．

A．website

B．campsite

C．phone

D．list

14．

A．self-awareness

B．knowledge

C．independence

D．intelligence

15．

A．make friends

B．ask questions

C．make plans

D．solve problems

When in a saturated (饱和的) market, you need a hook that makes your business stand out from the competition. Lower prices could help, but imagine a tactic that could encourage organic conversation about your brand, and actually help you increase the value of your product.

That’s scarcity marketing. And you’ll find it used across numerous industries.

It’s especially common in retail, as companies use several exclusivity techniques, like limited time sales, to encourage consumers further along the buying cycle. It’s also common in the tech industry, whether for promoting apps or devices. Even beauty brands are rewarding consumers with exclusive club membership.

Scarcity marketing is everywhere. But it’s also a risky tactic.

Limited items and restricted membership mean some of your consumers will miss out, leading to frustration, disappointment, and anger. You need to use social media listening to make sure your strategy doesn’t backfire.

The reason why scarcity marketing tactics are so effective is due to our fear of missing out, or FOMO(fear of missing out). It’s driven by the explosive growth of social networking that gives us a greater opportunity to connect with people around the world. But that increased reliance on the Internet encourages people to feel more anxious about missing something important.

Brands can make the most of this in their sales and marketing strategy by the scarcity principle. Consumers place a higher value on goods that are scarce. Or even, just perceived to be scarce. So, by decreasing the availability of your product or service, while still maintaining the demand, your product will be made more scarce. Meaning you can charge a premium price. That’s why scarcity marketing is so effective. You’re decreasing supply, tipping the equilibrium in your favour.

In What Exclusivity Can Do for Your Business Marketing, Rachel Winsted explains how you can use exclusivity as your entire marketing strategy. This relies less on traditional marketing techniques, and more on making your brand appear unique.

This boutique style can be more cost-effective, as you don’t need to advertise to everyone. In fact, it benefits from fewer people knowing about the brand. That way, new consumers get an extra thrill from discovering you and will sell you to their friends, if only to show off what they’ve discovered. The three things for making this strategy work are:

·Networking

With fewer marketing channels available, you want more face-to-face engagement. It’s a more personal way to promote. Therefore, more exclusive.

·A simpler online presence

You want to create engaging social media content, not promotional sales posts. Give clients the opportunity to find out more about you on their own accord.

·An amazing customer experience

This is essential. There’s no point in being exclusionary if what you offer isn’t. It’s easy for exclusivity to go wrong if there’s nothing unique about the brand.

1．Which of the following cases falls into the category of strategy of scarcity marketing?

A．A small cafe in Singapore only opens on random days.

B．A fitness gym encourages people to pre-purchase courses with a special offer.

C．A cosmetic shop sends samples of its latest products to its potential customers.

D．Face masks are out of stock during the outbreak of the pandemic in January 2020.

2．All of the adjectives describe the feature of scarcity marketing EXCEPT ”________“.

A．risky

B．tricky

C．effective

D．eccentric

3．According to the context, which phrase best interprets the underlined word “backfire” in paragraph 5?

A．Let somebody down.	B．Miss a golden opportunity.
C．Have the opposite effect.	D．Go against the principle.

4．Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?

A．Access to the Internet could alleviate people’s fear of missing out because of the extensive information it provides.

B．Your scarcity marketing would be in vain without the excellent customer experience.

C．Decreasing the availability of your product results in the decline in demand.

D．The more people you target at, the more people knowing about your brand, the better.

和你的预期相反，隐形营销，作为一种常见的做法，经常被公司采纳来推广一个还未做过广告的产品，因为它既便宜又有效。(contrary, adopt)(汉译英)

Directions: Write an English composition in 120—150 words according to the instructions given below.
假设你是明启中学高二学生李明，最近你校计划选出一个学生社团（student club）并对其提供年度资金帮助，正在全校范围内征求意见。两个备选社团分别为“残疾儿童帮助社(Activities for Disabled Children Club)”和“流浪动物关爱社(Stray Animals Care Club)”。作为学校的一员，你决定写出自己的想法和建议，内容须包括：
1) 明确你的选择；
2) 有逻辑地阐述你做出该选择的几点理由并辅以支撑。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

汤姆精通市场营销策略，每当受邀分享成功的商业案例时，总是津津有味。(knowledge)(汉译英)

The Rise of Pop-up Chefs

Jeremy Baras remembers the first time he ever saw a pop-up a restaurant. The 26-year-old entrepreneur was on vacation in England four years ago and had to look up at the London Eye Ferries wheel to see it. 1． “I thought that was the coolest thing ever”, he says. Baras, who founded PopUpRepublic. com in 2012 to promote the idea of pop-up restaurants in USA, has been studying them ever since.

Pop-ups, which have been around since the early 2000s, are open anywhere from a few hours to several months, but their defining feature is that they are temporary. They may be only a tiny part of the $709 billion U.S. restaurant industry, but popups have gotten a boost in recent years as a lower-cost, lower-risk way for entrepreneurs to test the waters. 2． And some struggling cities, like Oakland, Calif., have turned to them to help revitalize local economies affected by the economic downturn.

The concept has been especially popular with up-and-coming chefs who want to test-drive as a menu concept without investing a fortune in a permanent space. “Your cooks and chefs are really talented. 3． Ours, quite the contrary.” says Zach Kupperman, chief businessman officer and co-founder of Dinner Lab. Pop-ups’ temporary nature also allows restaurateurs to charge extra. Dinner Lab, for instance, charges diners an annual membership fee of $125 to $175, depending on where they live, plus $50 to $85 a head for each meal. “It’s the fear of missing out,” explains Zach.

4． There is no guarantee that diners won’t grow tired of the concept. Some entrepreneurs have resorted to even a weirder location — in a former limestone mine, say, or at the top of a crane — to keep customers interested.

A．Some restaurant owners see them as a way to renew interest in existing locations.

B．It’s not quite part of the mainstream economy yet.

C．However, they’ re stuck in the back of somebody else’s kitchen cooking somebody else’s menu.

D．Of course, trends in the food industry come and go quickly.

E．Nevertheless, they are here today and gone tomorrow.

F．Hanging above him was a capsule full of diners who were served a new course each time a revolution was made.

You’ve been painting for a few years, have shown work in a group show at the local art center, and maybe you have even sold a painting or two. Are you ready to ______ the title of an amateur artist? Distinguishing beginners from professional artists is a ______ business. It is not just a matter of your ability to create nice paintings, nor does having another job ______ disqualify someone from being considered a professional artist. Two key factors come into play when making that ______ .

To turn professional, individuals must prioritize the development of developing a personal style. What makes your paintings different than every other painting out there? Do your paintings exhibit a unified theme throughout, or do they lack ______ ? Style does not mean that you are painting the same subject or using the same painting medium. ______ , it refers to the look and feel of your paintings. A personal style doesn’t come ______ but evolves with technique, choice of painting medium, and the subjects you depict. You ______ it through continuous practice and exploration. Salvador Dali explored many artistic mediums, but they all have a ______ Dali style. Every artist has a style and when you begin to develop it, this is when you really know that you’ re on the road to being a professional.

Another significant factor behind becoming a professional artist is your ______ . What gets you out of bed every morning to paint? How do you find the energy to have all your time devoted to painting? ______ , both professionals and amateurs love to do what they do and they get satisfaction out of creating art. However, Amateurs may ______ painting just as a hobby or to satisfy a creative impulse. For professional artists, it goes beyond that. Some wish to convey a deep message concerning life, society, or even politics. Others simply seek financial returns to pay family bills. What’s more, many amateur artists wait for ______ to come. If they are not in the mood, they do not bother looking at the canvas(画布). They may even stop painting if another activity pops up in their day. Professionals are never easily ______ or torn away from their artwork in progress. It may even take a natural disaster to force them out of the studio. Professional artists are also constantly prepared to look for ideas for the next painting, driven by the belief that the next painting will ______ the last one and that there is always room for improvement.

Are you ready to become a professional? Whether you pursue a professional art career or not, keep creating. You will find a personal satisfaction in painting that few other hobbies can give you.

1．

A．step beyond

B．contribute to

C．talk of

D．turn into

2．

A．rewarding

B．tricky

C．private

D．profitable

3．

A．incredibly

B．miserably

C．crucially

D．necessarily

4．

A．promise

B．deal

C．transformation

D．recommendation

5．

A．consistency

B．depth

C．originality

D．skills

6．

A．Therefore

B．However

C．Furthermore

D．Instead

7．

A．unexpectedly

B．harmoniously

C．instantly

D．originally

8．

A．acquire

B．transfer

C．imitate

D．spot

9．

A．latest

B．distinct

C．modern

D．lively

10．

A．creativity

B．adaptability

C．drive

D．vision

11．

A．In conclusion

B．In contrast

C．In addition

D．In general

12．

A．specialize in

B．excel in

C．major in

D．engage in

13．

A．inspiration

B．fame

C．guidance

D．sponsorship

14．

A．tricked

B．depressed

C．distracted

D．anxious

15．

A．guarantee

B．highlight

C．commercialize

D．outshine

Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. elevating               B. context             C. implications               D. vitality             E. afraid F. deep-rooted            G. routine             H. running                 I. interpreted            J. altered        K. frozen

Unlocking the Secrets of Your Night

Most people do not realize that dreams take up about 25% of the night’s sleep, and each dream period lasts from 5 to 20 minutes. There is no doubt that dreams play an important role in our lives. If they can be correctly 1． —and that is a big “if”—we can come to understand ourselves better. Here, we look at three common dreams and what they potentially symbolize.

Dream 1: I can see their laughing faces laughing at me. But they aren’t as smart. If they were, they’d be up here flying with me!

This dream has both positive and negative 2． . On the positive side, the dream may express a strong desire to travel and get away from everyday 3． . It may also symbolize a powerful desire to achieve. On the other hand, this dream can mean the person has a problem or is 4． of something and they wish to escape. The dream could represent feelings of inferiority, which the dreamer attempts to get rid of by literally and physically 5． themselves above others.

Dream 2: I’m moving fast now, but it’s still behind me. It doesn’t matter how fast I go. I still can’t escape.

Although this is a traditional symbol of health and 6． , it can suggest the dreamer is trying to escape from danger. Usually, fear is the dominant emotion. By 7． hard, the dreamer can possibly escape the threat. However, they can also stop moving. This makes the fear even more terrifying. One possible explanation is that the person is under pressure in their everyday life.

Dream 3: I’m sweating and my heart is beating. I’m trapped. Trapped in my own bed.

This symbol is associated with fear and embarrassment: suddenly the dreamer loses all power of movement. They try hard to move their arms and legs, but they simply cannot; 8． in’ a terrifying situation with no escape, they become more and more terrified as the seconds go by. Another frequent 9． for this dream is failing to do something in public, often something that you are normally very good at, such as your job. Not only is this extremely embarrassing, but it also shows a(n) 10． fear of losing a job and a livelihood.

Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank

Uber Eats pilots reusable container scheme

From today (Tuesday 18 April, 2023) Uber Eats customers in Central London will be given the option to order their takeaway in reusable containers and easily return them in an attempt 1． (address) single use packaging.

2． (Bring) together various businesses, the project will test and measure how localized doorstep at-home collections of reusable packaging can increase the adoption rate of a reuse system and improve convenience. The system has been developed to make 3． as easy and convenient as possible for people to take part. When placing their orders, Uber Eats customers can choose to receive their food in reusable packaging. Once they’ve enjoyed their meals, 4． they need to do is to scan a QR code, select a day for collection, give the containers a simple rinse and await collection. All collections are low or no emissions, 5． (make) by deliverymen using bikes, electric cars or vans.

The trial will run for six months and will be managed by Again, which operates a network of packaging cleaning facilities 6． the reusable packaging will be cleaned and processed before being returned to the restaurants. Various promotions 7． (test) throughout the trial to measure opt-in rate and return rate. “This pilot aims to make reusable packing 8． (accessible) for customers and restaurants alike,” says Matthew Price, Uber Eats General Manager. “By integrating the reuse option 9． a delivery app used by many households and by offering doorstep collections, we hope to see a significant increase in the use of reusable takeaway packaging. The trial will help create 10． better understanding of what works and what doesn’t at a local level, and hopefully lead to wider roll out of this reuse system across more businesses and areas.”

Do you listen to quiet music to help you wind down before sleep? However, this practice could be counter-productive, according to a new study by Michael K. Scullin and colleagues at Baylor University. The work, published in Psychological Medicine, found that bedtime music was associated with more sleep disruptions and that instrumental music is even worse than music with lyrics.

In the first study, 199 online participants living in the US reported on their sleep quality and music listening frequency and timing, as well as their beliefs about how this affected their sleep. Almost all—87%—believed that music improves sleep, or at least does not disrupt it. However, the team found that more overall time spent listening to music was associated with poorer sleep and daytime sleepiness. Just over three quarters of the participants also reported experiencing frequent “earworms”—having a song or tune “stuck” and replaying in their minds. A quarter reported experiencing these during the night at least once per week, and these people were six times as likely to report poor sleep quality. The team’s analysis suggested that listening specifically to instrumental music near bedtime was linked to more sleep-related earworms and poorer sleep quality.

The team then ran an experimental study on 48 young adults. After arriving at the sleep lab at 8:45 p. m., participants went to a quiet bedroom, where they completed questionnaires that included measures of stress, sleep quality and daytime sleepiness. They also had electrodes applied, ready for the night-time polysomnography to record their brain wave activity, as well as heart rate and breathing, and reported on how relaxed, nervous, energetic, sleepy and stressed they felt. At 10:00 p. m., they were given some “downtime”, with quiet music playing. Half were randomized to hear three songs while the other half heard instrumental-only versions of these same songs.

Participants reported decreases in stress and nervousness and increased relaxation after listening to either set of songs, and also showed decreases in blood pressure. So-as earlier studies have also suggested- quiet music at bedtime was indeed relaxing at the time. However, a quarter of the participants woke from sleep with an earworm, and the polysomnography data showed that instrumental versions of the songs were more likely to induce these awakenings as well as other sleep disruptions, such as shifts from deeper sleep to lighter sleep. Taken together, the findings represent “causal evidence for bedtime instrumental music affecting sleep quality via triggering earworms” the team writes.

Why instrumental-only songs should have a bigger impact than music with lyrics isn’t clear. The three songs used in this study were chosen because they were likely to be familiar. Hearing them without the lyrics might have prompted the participant’s brains to try to add the words, which might have made earworms more likely. If this is the case, all instrumental music may not have the same effect. However, the data from the first study is consistent with the idea that instrumental music generally is more of a problem.

1．According to the passage, the participants in both studies______.

A．were required to listen to light music	B．felt their sleeping problems resolved
C．had their sleeping quality monitored	D．provided feedback on bedtime music

2．What does the underlined word “induce” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?

A．Lead to.

B．Impact on.

C．Break in.

D．Focus on.

3．What can we learn from the passage?

A．Earworms are mainly caused by music with lyrics.

B．Bedtime music leads to high blood pressure and anxiety.

C．Quiet music improves sleeping quality while loud music harms sleep.

D．Both familiar and unfamiliar instrumental music can cause sleeping problems.

4．The passage is mainly about______.

A．how instrumental music disturbs sleep

B．the possible negative effect of bedtime music

C．how people can improve their sleep quality

D．differences between music with and without lyrics